Wednesday, December 26, 2007

Video and digital Camera

Video and digital cameras use electronics, generally a charge coupled device or sometimes a CMOS sensor to capture images which can be transferred or stored in tape or computer memory inside the camera for later playback or processing. Traditional cameras imprison light onto photographic film or photographic plate. A video camera is a kind of movie camera which stores images onto magnetic tape. Cameras that capture a lot of images in sequence are known as movie cameras or as cine cameras in Europe; those designed for single images are still cameras. However these categories overlap, as still cameras are often used to capture moving images in extraordinary effects work and modern digital cameras are often able to trivially switch between still and motion recording modes. Cameras that take 3D photographs are called as stereo cameras. Stereo cameras for creation 3D prints or slides have two lenses side by side. Stereo cameras for making lenticular prints have 3, 4, 5, or yet more lenses.

Tuesday, December 18, 2007

Railroad

The terms railroad and railway commonly describe the same thing, a guided means of land transport, designed to be used by trains, for transporting both passengers and freight. Etymologically both words obtain from Old English; a road being something one rides along and way deriving from a Germanic base meaning move, journey, carry.

U.S. practice

Historically, in the United States of America the term railroad, particularly when used in a company name, implies a conventional rail system and railway implies a street railway, also known as a streetcar or light rail line. There are, however, quite a number of exceptions. In fact, many companies change from one period to the other when they re-incorporate, possibly to distinguish between the old and new companies (example: Seaboard Air Line Railroad).

Thursday, December 13, 2007

Light rail

Light rail is a exacting class of railway that includes trolleys and trams as well as modern multi-car trains that operate at street level. In the context of light rail, regular freight, traveler and longer distance railways are called heavy rail (but see also that article for a different usage of that word).

Light-rail systems can handle steeper gradients than grave rail, and curves sharp enough to fit within street intersections. They are classically built in urban areas, providing a frequent service with small, light trains or single cars.

Tuesday, December 4, 2007

Train

In rail transport, a train consists of more than a few connected rail vehicles that are capable of being moved together along a guideway to transport freight or passengers from one place to another along a planned route. The guideway generally consists of conventional rail, but may be monorail or maglev. Propulsion for the train may come from a multiplicity of sources, but often from a locomotive or self-propelled multiple unit. A train can consist of a combination of a locomotive and attached carriages (also known as coaches or cars) or wagons, or a self-propelled several unit (or occasionally a single powered coach, called a railcar). Trains can also be hauled by horses, pulled by a lead, or run downhill by gravity.
Special kinds of trains running on related special 'railways' are atmospheric railways, monorails, high speed railways, maglev, rubber-tired underground, funicular and cog railways.